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Mayo Clinic researchers have found a way to detect and eliminate potentially troublemaking stem cells to make stem cell therapy safer.
Induced Pluripotent Stem cells, also known as iPS cells, are bioengineered from adult tissues to have properties of embryonic stem cells, which have the unlimited capacity to differentiate and grow into any desired types of cells, such as skin, brain, lung and heart cells.
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Today’s standard sequencing method uses an indirect approach to DNA sequencing based on fluorescently-tagged nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. However, Ion Torrent has developed a simple, yet ingenious way to detect the sequence of nucleotides in a sample of DNA. Exploiting the fact that a hydrogen ion is released whenever a nucleotide attaches to a strand of DNA, sensors in Ion Torrent’s microchip have been designed to detect this chemical signature.
Equality in gene sequencing ahead?
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University of Sheffield scientists have used human embryonic stem cells to treat auditory neuropathy, a common form of hearing loss.
They turned human embryonic stem cells into ear cells and transplanted them into deaf gerbils, obtaining a 46 per cent recovery of hearing four weeks after administering the cells.
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Stem cells have fascinated biologists for years. They are unique amongst all other cells of the body in two ways; their capacity for self-renewal, and their ability to give rise to many different cell types. Since embryonics stem cells are controversial, researchers turned to adult stem cells. While adult stem cells are not as versatile as embryonic stem cells, they do have the potential to direct the development of certain cell lineages. For example all the different layers of your skin have ancestral skin stem cells.
In the case of skin tissue transplantation, the stem cells can be derived from the patient who will receive the cultured tissue, thus removing the chance of complications arising due to donor incompatibility. Skin grafts have been performed on burn victims for quite some time, but with variable success.
And this is of course where the genius of the skin gun, and its inventor Joerg C. Gerlach, comes in -- it bypasses the need for the in vitro tissue culturing. Via Dr. Stefan Gruenwald
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