Plant hormones (Literature sources on phytohormones and plant signalling)

Cell Reports (2023)

Editor's view: Grain size is a key component of grain quality and crop yield. Ma et al. show that TGW3 interacts with and phosphorylates OsIAA10, which favors OsIAA10’s interaction with OsTIR1 and destabilization but hinders its interaction with OsARF4. The genetically defined OsTIR1-OsIAA10-OsARF4 axis is required for grain size control in rice.

Highlights: • TGW3 negatively regulates grain size in rice, which mediates brassinosteroid response • TGW3 interacts with and phosphorylates OsIAA10 • OsIAA10 phosphorylation potentiates the OsIAA10-OsARF4-mediated auxin signaling • OsTIR1-OsIAA10-OsARF4 defines a genetic pathway for controlling rice grain size

Abstract: "Grain size is a key component of grain yield and quality in crops. Several core players of auxin signaling have been revealed to modulate grain size; however, to date, few genetically defined pathways have been reported, and whether phosphorylation could boost degradation of Aux/IAA proteins is uncertain. Here, we show that TGW3 (also called OsGSK5) interacts with and phosphorylates OsIAA10. Phosphorylation of OsIAA10 facilitates its interaction with OsTIR1 and subsequent destabilization, but this modification hinders its interaction with OsARF4. Our genetic and molecular evidence identifies an OsTIR1-OsIAA10-OsARF4 axis as key for grain size control. In addition, physiological and molecular studies suggest that TGW3 mediates the brassinosteroid response, the effect of which can be relayed through the regulatory axis. Collectively, these findings define a auxin signaling pathway to regulate grain size, in which phosphorylation of OsIAA10 enhances its proteolysis and potentiates OsIAA10-OsARF4-mediated auxin signaling."

Plant and Cell Physiology (2022)

Abstract: "Crop varieties with a high yield are most desirable in the present context of the ever-growing human population. Mostly the yield traits are governed by a complex of numerous molecular and genetic facets modulated by various quantitative trait loci (QTLs). With the identification and molecular characterizations of yield-associated QTLs over recent years, the central role of phytohormones in regulating plant yield is becoming more apparent. Most often, different groups of phytohormones work in close association to orchestrate yield attributes. Understanding this crosstalk would thus provide new venues for phytohormone pyramiding by editing a single gene or QTL(s) for yield improvement. Here, we review a few important findings to integrate the knowledge on the roles of auxin, brassinosteroid and cytokinin and how a single gene or a QTL could govern crosstalk among multiple phytohormones to determine the yield traits."

Plant Biotechnology Journal (2023)

Abstract: "Nitrogen (N), one of the most important nutrients, limits plant growth and crop yields in sustainable agriculture system, in which phytohormones are known to play essential roles in N availability. Hence, it is not surprising that massive studies about the crosstalk between N and phytohormones have been constantly emerging. In this review, with the intellectual landscape of N and phytohormones crosstalk provided by the bibliometric analysis, we trace the research story of best-known crosstalk between N and various phytohormones over the last 20 years. Then, we discuss how N regulates various phytohormones biosynthesis and transport in plants. In reverse, we also summarize how phytohormones signalings modulate root system architecture (RSA) in response to N availability. Besides, we expand to outline how phytohormones signalings regulate uptake, transport, and assimilation of N in plants. Further, we conclude advanced biotechnology strategies, explain their application, and provide potential phytohormones-regulated N use efficiency (NUE) targets in crops. Collectively, this review provides not only a better understanding on the recent progress of crosstalk between N and phytohormones, but also targeted strategies for improvement of NUE to increase crop yields in future biotechnology breeding of crops."