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Highlights
- RSV-199 potently cross-neutralized 8 different RSV and hMPV strains
- Cryo-EM reveals RSV-199 targeting antigenic site III of pre-fusion F
- RSV-199 mediates enhanced protection in vivo against RSV A and B strains and hMPV
- RSV-199 exhibited potencies comparable with RSV or hMPV mono-specific antibodies
Summary
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infections pose a significant health burden. Using pre-fusion conformation fusion (F) proteins, we isolated a panel of anti-F antibodies from a human donor. One antibody (RSV-199) potently cross-neutralized 8 RSV and hMPV strains by recognizing antigenic site III, which is partially conserved in RSV and hMPV F.
Next, we determined the cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of RSV-199 bound to RSV F trimers, hMPV F monomers, and an unexpected dimeric form of hMPV F. These structures revealed how RSV-199 engages both RSV and hMPV F proteins through conserved interactions of the antibody heavy-chain variable region and how variability within heavy-chain complementarity-determining region 3 (HCDR3) can be accommodated at the F protein interface in site-III-directed antibodies. Furthermore, RSV-199 offered enhanced protection against RSV A and B strains and hMPV in cotton rats. These findings highlight the mechanisms of broad neutralization and therapeutic potential of RSV-199.
Published in Cell and Host Microbe (July 28, 2023):
