Will regulatory T cells provide needed therapies against inflammatory and autoimmune disorders?
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CAR T cell-based therapies derived from T cytotoxic cells are used to treat certain blood cancers. However, a new strategy developed by Sonoma Biotherapeutics could provide safe and durable control for a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions by using transplanted T regulatory (T reg) cells to suppress the tumor rather than provoke an immune response. According to one study, T reg cells have been shown to have a great ability to selectively downregulate innate and adaptive immunity of certain targets without largely inactivating the immune defenses. T reg cells have an important advantage over T cytotoxic cells because they do not need to recognize a disease-related antigen. These cells only need to generally target the tissue of interest and will then exert a "bystander" effect that largely appeases the immune cells in the targeted area. However, one of the major challenges is production because T reg cells are rare and grow slowly in culture.