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Genetic Engineering Publications - GEG Tech top picks
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BigField GEG Tech's insight:
As a proof of concept, the scientists took advantage of NZB/BALB heteroplasmic mice, which contain two mtDNA haplotypes, BALB and NZB, and selectively prevented their germline transmission using either mitochondria-targeted restriction endonucleases or TALENs. In addition, they successfully reduced human mutated mtDNA levels responsible for Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy and neurogenic muscle weakness, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa , in mammalian oocytes using mitochondria-targeted TALEN. 
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In this study, the authors show that regular FLAG-Cas9 can localize to mitochondria to edit mitochondrial DNA with sgRNAs targeting specific loci of the mitochondrial genome such as Cox1 and Cox3 .Furthermore, to overcome nonspecific distribution of FLAG-Cas9, they also created a mitochondria-targeted Cas9 (mitoCas9) which could be applied to edit mtDNA together with gRNA expression vectors without affecting genomic DNA.
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