Over the past two decades, the immune system has attracted increasing attention for its role in fighting cancer.
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CRISPR-based gene editing has become a mainstay of biological discovery, providing relatively rapid insight into the function of individual genes and targets for new therapies. However, the main challenge is that it is difficult to edit immune cells without changing their biology, hampering the ability to study immune cell behavior in all its complexity in a living organism. In an earlier study, researchers used CHimeric IMmune Editing (CHIME) to knock out a gene called Ptpn2, which has shown promise for cancer immunotherapy. The recent study published in Nature Immunology explores methods to increase the precision and versatility of CHIME, including simultaneous deletion of multiple genes and targeted application in specific cell types, also using CRISPR to disrupt genes in the edited cells once they were already back inside the animal. This research has successfully demonstrated the feasibility of various innovative approaches to genetic manipulation, offering new avenues for the study of immune gene function.Â